English T-1 Solutions Class 8th

Prose 3: Global Warming (T1)

WORKING WITH THE TEXT

Q1. Why has the earth’s average surface temperature increased?

Ans. The earth’s average surface temperature has increased due to the global warming which has increased the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere produced by the human activities such as deforestation and burning of fossil fuels.

Q2. Why the Himalayan region is called the ‘Water Tower of Asia’?

Ans. The Himalayan Region is covered of about 33000 sq km by glaciers which act as a mother to several streams and rivers and support economy and livelihood to millions of people in several countries of Asia, so it is called the ‘Water Tower of Asia’.

Q3. What are the main sources of water in the Kashmir valley?

Ans. Flood plain lakes, high altitude Himalayan lakes, perennial rivers of Indus system, wet lands of different dimensions, ponds, snow-fed streams, springs, reservoirs are the main source of water in the Kashmir Valley.

Q4. Why is water the most precious natural resource?

Ans. Water is the most precious natural resource because it saves our lives in many ways, such as, we drink it because we cannot live without it, it helps in the economy, development, livelihood and mainly it keeps us clean from dust and dirt. It is used to generate electricity, in other words, it brights up our dark rooms. It is used for agriculture so that we can get two time meals. It is really a precious natural resource.

Q5. How has Kashmir been influenced by global warming?

Ans. Kashmir has been badly influenced by the global warming. Since last two decades many changes have been seen and witnessed in the valley Kashmir. Water is becoming scarce day by day due to the melting of Kolhai Glacier, the main source of water in Kashmir. The climate has totally been changed. It is difficult to distinguish between spring, summer and winter. Wet lands that were a part of water for irrigation in Kashmir, have been concretized. It has also reduced the production of crops.

Q6. How is global warming the largest threat to the humanity?

Ans. Global Warming is the largest threat not only to the humanity but also to all living organisms. Due to global warming, largest glaciers are melting, which will cause the rise in the sea level and the change in the precipitation in air and certainly seasonal change. The weather will change from moderate to hot. This will lead to droughts and lesser production of agricultural yields. It will also lead to natural disasters. It has affected the livelihood of human. It has adversely affected the humanity and will continuously affect it, if not controlled in time.

Q7. What do you think is the cause of decrease in snowfall in Kashmir?

Ans. As we know that global warming changes the precipitation in the air, this leads to change in weather and climate to extreme weather. So we think that global warming is the cause of decrease in snowfall in Kashmir.

Q8. What has been the impact of global warming on J & K so far?

Ans. Global warming has adverse impact on J & K, because the demarcation between seasons that was well defined a decade ago, has vanished. It is now difficult to distinguish between autumn and winter. Its impact can be seen on the glaciers that are continuously melting. High velocity storms are another factor of global warming in Jammu & Kashmir.

Q9. What role do the scientists play in J & K to deal with the problem of global warming?

Ans. Scientists have considered the Kolhai glacier as one of the index glacier in the Lidder Valley. It has been selected for long term monitoring. This Glacier is the water resource of whole community in this valley, so they have indexed a glacier in this region for assessing water resource availability for them. Scientific studies conducted on the glacier will last for five years after which TERI (The Energy and Resources Institute J&K) will recommend measures to bring down the glaciers recession rate.

Q10. What do we, as individuals, need to do deal with the problem of global warming?

Ans. As individuals, we should try to make awareness among the people about the drastic effects of global warming. Even individual should try to minimize the exhaust of the greenhouse gases.

LANGUAGE WORK

I. Fill the blanks in the following sentences with appropriate compound word/s or phrases from the box below:

White House/white house, Green House/greenhouse, Black box/black box, Strong hold/stronghold, White-collar/whitecollar

1. a) We live in a beautiful Green House.

    b) My uncle has built a greenhouse next to his house, where he grows vegetables in winter.

2. a) Most PhD’s only prefer white-collar jobs.

    b) He was wearing a pink shirt with a whitecollar.

3. a) We live in the white house near the mosque.

    b) The president of America lives in the White House.

4. a) My wife keeps her jewellery in a black box.

    b) The black box has been found. It will now be possible to find out why the plane crashed.

5. a) He has strong hold on his wife.

    b) The southern part of the state is a stronghold of the robbers.

II. Use the following phrases or expressions from the lesson in your own sentences;

Ans. In progress: The game was already in progress when I tuned in.

Uncontrollable rate: The birth rate in the state is increasing at uncontrollable rate.

Across the globe: Global warming is a major threat across the globe.

In the backdrop of: State employees are not well satisfied in the backdrop of state economy.

At an alarming rate: Glaciers are receding at an alarming rate.

An irritating change: Pollution leads to an irritating change in environment.

Bereft of: People, are bereft of the cause of global warming.

Dried up: Most of the springs in the valley have dried up due to the global warming,

At the global level: We should find the measures at the global level to control the global warming.

Heavy burden: If global warming is not controlled at an earliest, it will be a heavy burden on the shoulders of every individual in near future.

III. Choose the synonym of the word from the four options given:

1. Sporadic rise in his temperature has caused us much worry.

a. Frequent       b. irksome      c. irregular         d. scattered

Ans.   c. Irregular

2. Reading of poetry is not congenial to his state.

a. Suited         b. Beneficial      c. Helpful      d. Preferable

Ans.   a. Suited

3. The weavers have to do monotonous work.

a. Repetitive    b. exhaustive     c. irksome     d. autonomous

Ans. a. Repetitive

4. The fishing pulled away from the wharf and chugged smoothly down the bay.

a. harbor      b. shore      c. quay        c. ager

Ans. c. Quay

GRAMMAR WORK

In the following sentences, use either infinitive or gerund in order to make them correct:

1. Laughing is good for health. (to laugh / laughing)

2. Our turn being over, we left the library. (be / being)

3. The old woman tried to go to the hospital alone. (to go/ going)

4. Being late for school is his habit. (to be / being)

5. Hina, having completed her work, left home. (to have / having)

6. Listening music is her hobby. (to listen / listening)

7. I liked to read Arabic literature. (to read / reading)

8. His only aim was to cheat. (to cheat / cheating)

9. Fishing is not allowed here. (to fish / fishing)

10. Children love to make mud houses. (to make / making)

Prose 4: For God’s Sake Hold thy Tongue (T1)

WORKING WITH THE TEXT

Q1. What do the Qur'an and the traditions of the Prophet (PBUH) tell us on backbiting and scandal mongering?

Ans. Our sacred holy Qur'an condemns Scandal mongering and backbiting in strongest terms. In Sahi Muslim, our beloved Prophet Muhammad ^(SAW) says that a person who indulges in backbiting is a man who has eaten the flesh of his elder brother.

Q2. What do the Gita and the Bible tell us on backbiting?

Ans. All the religions criticize on backbiting. Gita says that a person who is free from backbiting is pure and free from fear, and the person who has a habit of backbiting is sinner and is born to demoniac endowments.

Bible says that we all make errors in many ways, and a person who does not make an error is a perfect man and he can curb his whole body on his will.

Q3. What do the Granth Sahib and Lord Buddha tell us on backbiting?

Ans. Granth Sahib says that a backbiter carries the great burden of sins and he carries loads without any payment.

Lord Buddha in his eightfold path says that one requires living a life based on right speech.

Q4. Why did the servant of Rabbi Simeon bring tongues both the times?

Ans. Rabbi Simeon’s servant brings tongues both the times because it is only the tongue that issues the good and the bad, also there is nothing better than a good tongue and nothing worse than an evil one.

Q5. Why did Rabbi Simeon invite his disciples for a meal?

Ans. Rabbi Simeon invited his disciples for a meal to tell them about the advantages of soft tongue. He conveyed a message to them that only use soft tongue in their conversation with another because soft tongue spreads sweetness.

Q6. What according to you is the moral of the lesson?

Ans. Vice offends the moral standards of the community, and scandal mongering and backbiting are vices, we should always refrain from this, so that to be pure in front of our Almighty Allah.

Q7. How does our tongue do good or bad to others?

Ans. A good tongue pleases people and makes them happy, and a bad tongue offends them and hurts them, which is a great sin in all religions.

LANGUAGE WORK

Add the correct ending to each of the following words and say what each person does or is connected with:

1. Govern        governor                      one who govern.

2. Cater           caterer                         one who provides food or drink for a social or business function.

3. Translate      translator                     one translates text from one language to another.

4. Novel          novelist                        one who writes novels.

5. Tour             tourist                          one who undertakes a journey to see a place.

6. Politics        politician                     one who takes part in political activities.

7. Decorate      decorator                     one who decorates houses.

8. Art               artist                            one who has a skill of painting etc.

9. Economics   economist                    one who deals with the economy.

10. Drama       dramatist                     one makes dramas and plays.

11. Cricket      cricketer                      one who plays cricket.

12. Engine       engineer                       one who has studied engineering.

13. History      historian                      one who writes history.

14. Mountain   mountaineer                one who climbs mountains.

15. Donate      donator                        one who donates.

16. Grammar   grammarian                 one who knows the rules of grammar.

17. Auction     auctioneer                    one who checks accounts in offices.

18. Science      scientist                       one who has the practical knowledge of science.

19. Teach         teacher                         one who teaches in a classroom.

20. Electricity electrician                    one who has the knowledge of electricity.

21. Physics      physician                     one who has the knowledge of physics.

22. Write         writer                           one who writes.

23. Speak        speaker                        one who makes a speech.

24. Win           winner                         one who wins.

25. Mathematics          mathematician             one who knows mathematics.

GRAMMAR WORK

Complete each sentence with an adverb. The first letters of each adverb are given.

1. We didn’t go out because it was raining heavily.

2. Our team lost the game because we played badly.

3. I had little difficulty finding a place to live. I found a flat easily.

4. We had to wait for a long time, but we didn’t complain. We waited patiently.

5. Nobody knew Atif was coming to see us. He arrived unexpectedly.

6. Zeeshan keeps fit by playing tennis regularly.

7. I don’t speak Punjabi very well, but I can understand it perfectly if spoken slowly and clearly.

Put in the correct word.

1. Two people are seriously injured in the accident. (Serious / seriously)

2. The driver of the car had serious injuries. (Serious / seriously)

3. I think you behaved very selfishly. (Selfish / selfishly)

4. Razia is terribly upset about losing her job. (Terrible / terribly)

5. There was a sudden change in the weather. (Sudden / suddenly)

6. Everybody at the marriage party was colourfully dressed. (Colourful / colourfully)

7. Aslam speaks English fluently. (Fluent / fluently)

8. Ved Sir fell and hurt himself quite badly. (Bad / badly)

9. Hafeez didn’t do well at school because he was taught badly. (Bad / badly)

10. Don’t go up that ladder. It doesn't look safe. (Safe / safely)

Poem 6: Mercy (T1)

THINKING ABOUT THE POEM

Q1. Where does the quality of the mercy come from? Who are blessed by it?

Ans. The quality of the mercy come from the heaven and takes a place in the heart of that person who deserves it. It is blessed on the people who gives it and on those who takes it.

Q2. How is mercy better than the crown of the king?

Ans. Mercy is better than the crown of king because king is crowned only on earth to show his mighty power but the mercy takes place in the heart of kings and comes from heaven with mightiest power.

Q3. What does the sceptre stand for? How does it affect the kings?

Ans. “Sceptre” stands for royal wand or authority used by kings to show their earthly power while punishing the culprits. It makes the king proud or dreadful on earth and keeps them away from the mercy.

Q4. When does the earthly power look like God’s power?

Ans. When the mercy is enthroned in the hearts of kings while punishing the culprits using sceptre, then the earthly power, looks like God’s power.

Q5. How is mercy alone the “sceptred sway”?

Ans. Mercy comes from the heaven and when it lies in the heart of kings, it is ‘sceptred sway’ above because God likes mercy than punishment.

Q6. What happens when mercy seasons justice?

Ans. When mercy seasons justice then the earthly power looks like God’s itself because justice is the symbol of mercy and mercy brings happiness.

LANGUAGE WORK

a) Find out the similes and/or metaphors in the poem.

Ans. Some of them found in the poem are; gentle rain, sceptre, doth earthly power.

b) Find out poetical words in the poem and also write their names;

Ans. Strain’d               means- forced

Droppeth                     means- drops, descends

Tis                               means- this

Blesseth                       means- blesses or bless

Poem 7: Wrinkles (T1)

THINKING ABOUT THE POEM

Q1. How many wrinkles does the poet find on mother’s face?

Ans. If we read the poem carefully, we will see that the poet has used the word “wrinkle” four times and “wrinkles” two times. So we can say that the poet has found four wrinkles on the mother’s face. Since the poet has written the last wrinkle as suppression, so there may be five wrinkles on the mothers face.

Q2. What does the first wrinkle represent?

Ans. The first wrinkle represents the marriage of his mother, when her father got her married and she was separated from her birth home to another’s home where she had to live her entire life with an unknown person.

Q3. What do the second and the third wrinkle represent?

Ans. Second wrinkle represents the time when the child was not born and was in the womb of the mother growing there by sucking every drop of blood in the form of mother’s food.

The third wrinkle represents the time when he sucked the attractiveness of her face by sucking her milk from her breasts.

Q4. What is the poet seeking under the wrinkles of the mother?

Ans. Under the wrinkle of the mother, the poet is seeking a young aged girl who is fond of playing hopscotch and the game of pebbles.

Q5. What are the activities the poet’s mother used to do when she was a girl?

Ans. When the poet’s mother was a girl, she used to celebrate Raade Festival and immerse Raade seedlings in River Tawi. She used to bath during the Navratras and was fond of playing hopscotch and the game of pebbles.

Q6. How does the end?

Ans. The poem ends with poet saying that he will bring colours of Raade, colourful stripes for his mother’s dupatta and colourful pebbles for his mother so that his mother would look like a girl as she was in young age. He wishes to bring the happiness and pleasures of her young age so that she would be happy as she used to be in her young age.

LANGUAGE WORK

Write the meaning of the following phrases or expression as used in the poem:

Ans. 1. From the backyard                 to separate someone from his/her birthplace or quietly

2. On your blood                                 to feed on the digested food, to make the host of someone.

3. Nourished myself                            to grow or develop own self

4. Took me away                                 to take someone away from the close one or separate someone from dear one.

5. Taking courage                                being courageous

6. Under the skin                                beneath or below age, or feel or see something

7. From across the river                       to a long distance, with hard work.

Short Story 4: Rustum and Sohrab (T1)

WORKING WITH THE TEXT

A. Answer the following questions:

Q1. Why was Rustum not able to live with his wife for a long time?

Ans. Rustum was not able to stay with his wife because the king of Persia called him back as he felt unsafe without Rustum. Rustum was called ‘the shield of Persia’, so he had to go away from his wife who was then in a family way.

Q2. Why did Tanimeh send word to Rustum that their child was daughter?

Ans. Tanimeh knew that when the boy grew up, Rustum would be eager to have him follow in his footsteps, in this way she would lose her son like she lost her husband, so she sent word to Rustum that their child was a daughter.

Q3. What secret did Sohrab learn from his mother?

Ans. Sohrab learned the secret of his father’s name that had been hidden from him by his mother for some reasons.

Q4. What did Tanimeh want Sohrab to do when he met his father?

Ans. Tanimeh wanted Sohrab to show his father the precious stone that he had worn on his arm because this stone was given to her by Rustum, Sohrab’s father. By doing that his father would easily recognize him.

Q5. Why was Rustum at first not ready to fight Sohrab?

Ans. Rustum was too old to fight a young brave man and he had an aged father to look after. So he refused to fight with Sohrab.

Q6. Why did Rustum not tell Sohrab who he was?

Ans. Rustum thought that the young man was trying to be clever. If he told the truth, Sohrab might want to make peace with him and withdraw from the fight.

Q7. How was Sohrab wounded?

Ans. When Rustum shouted his usual war cry, Sohrab was unnerved and he dropped his shield. Rustum’s sword pierced his side and he sank to the ground. In this way he was wounded.

Q8. What were Sohrab’s last words?

Ans. While Sohrab lay dying he told his father to take him to home and burry there, so that people pass by will said that, Sohrab, the mighty Rustum’s son, lies there, Whom his father did in ignorance kill.

B. Find words/phrases given below for the following expressions:

Break down, precious, mighty, bury, combat, send word, invader, chief, protect, send for, parting, determined, strong-minded

a. A fight, especially in a war.            Combat

b. To keep somebody/something safe from harm, injury etc.             Protect

c. Going away or separating from somebody.            Parting

d. To send someone a message.          Send word

e. Wanting to do something very much regardless of difficulties.     Stron-minded

f. Determined to do something or get something.      Determined

g. Someone who enters a country by force in order to take control of it.      Invader

h. A long distance away or a long time in the past or future.             Distant

i. To become very upset and start crying.       Break down

j. Of great and special value.              Precious

k. An officer of very high rank in the army.               Chief

l. Put a dead body in grave.                Bury

m. Very powerful.                   Mighty

n. To call someone back.                     Send for

C. Choose the correct option:

1. “Persia is safe as long as Rustum leads our soldiers,” said The King of Persia

2. “I do not fight in single combat with anyone who is of low birth,” These words are spoken by The Challenger.

3. “If you must go, I want to tell you something.” Said Tanimeh

4. “Who is so rash and thoughtless that he thinks he can attack Persia?” asked Kaikoos

5. “Carry me to your home and bury me there.” These words are spoken by Sohrab

D. Match the words in Column A with the explanations given in Column B:

Ans.                

Column A                              Column B

a. War cry                                a word or cry shouted in battle.

b. Challenger                           one who calls someone for fight.

c. Arts of war                          skill in use of weapons and in fighting.

d. Champion                           one who fights for or defends some other person.

e. Swordsmanship                   skill in the use of sword.

f. Spirit                                    quality of courage and vigor.

g. Terror                                  great fear.

h. Clasp                                   hold tightly.

i. Amazed                                extremely surprised.

j. Ambition                              a strong desire for success, power or wealth.

LANGUAGE WORK

A. Combine the following pairs of sentences with unless:  Answers Only;

1. Unless you run fast, you cannot catch the train.

2. Unless work hard, you cannot get a first class.

3. Unless you hurry, you will not catch the bus.

4. Unless you do as I tell, you will not regret it.

5. Unless you tell me about your problem I cannot give you some solution.

B. Match each clause from Column A with a clause from Column B and make meaningful sentences:

Ans.

1. If I had worked harder,      I would have got more marks.

2. If the driver in front had not stopped,        the accident would not have happened.

3. If the weather had not been so bad, we could have gone out.

4. If you have arrived earlier, you could have seen her.

5. If you have moved the injured to hospital immediately, you might have saved his life.

6. If you had not lent me the money, I would not have been able to buy a car.

GRAMMAR WORK

A. Report the following sentences in the indirect speech:

1. She said, “My father will return from Jammu tomorrow.”

Ans. She said that her father would return from Jammu next day.

2. They said, “We will die for the sake of our country.”

Ans. They said that they would die for the sake of their country.

3. The teacher said, “Baber won the first battle of Panipat.”

Ans. The teacher said that Baber won the first battle at Panipat.

4. I said to him, “You have made a false statement.”

Ans. I told him that he had made a false statement.

5. They said to us, “We will play a match tomorrow.”

Ans. They told us that they would play a match next day.

6. I said to him, “I am an early riser.”

Ans. I told him that I was an early riser.

7. He said, “My father died last year.”

Ans. He said that his father died previous year.

8. She said to me, “The climate of this place does not suit me.”

Ans. She told me that the climate of that place did not suit her.

9. I said to the peon, “All your faults will be pardoned if you confess them.”

Ans. I told the peon that all his faults would be pardoned if he confesses them.

10. I said, “I shall finish my work as early as I can.”

Ans. I said that I should finish my work as early as I could.

B. Change the following sentences into direct speech:

1. The employer warned him that he would be dismissed if he did attend the office.

Ans. The employer said to him, “You will be dismissed if you do not attend the office.”

2. Sanjay said that his brother had met with an accident the previous day.

Ans. Sanjay said, “My brother has met with an accident yesterday.”

3. I informed him that I might not come the next day.

Ans. I said to him, “I may not come tomorrow.”

4. The principal announced that the next day would be the holiday.

Ans. The principal said, “Tomorrow will be holiday.”

5. The teacher told us that we were intelligent and hard working.

Ans. The teacher said to us, “You are intelligent and hard working.”

Regards :-Ihsaan Want